{"trustable":true,"prependHtml":"\u003cstyle type\u003d\u0027text/css\u0027\u003e.content-description h4 {\n font-size: 1.4em;\n border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\n line-height: 1.225;\n padding-bottom: 0.3em;\n padding-top: 0.5em;\n font-weight: 700;\n}.content-description img {\n max-width: 100%;\n height: auto;\n}\u003c/style\u003e","sections":[{"title":"","value":{"format":"HTML","content":"\u003cdiv class\u003d\"content-description screen\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe United Nations Regional Development Agency (UNRDA) has a very well defined\norganizational structure. It employs a total of \u003cspan class\u003d\"inline-math\"\u003e\u003cimg class\u003d\"tex-image\" src\u003d\"CDN_BASE_URL/7b60d7c68d7ec066966b2e5a535229a8?v\u003d1715326543\" style\u003d\"vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:2.064ex; height:2.176ex;\" alt\u003d\"N\"\u003e\u003cspan class\u003d\"tex-text\" style\u003d\"display:none;\"\u003e~N~\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e people, each of them coming from one of \u003cspan class\u003d\"inline-math\"\u003e\u003cimg class\u003d\"tex-image\" src\u003d\"CDN_BASE_URL/7a2816ca391bf315d425ff7375e03cb5?v\u003d1715326543\" style\u003d\"vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.764ex; height:2.176ex;\" alt\u003d\"R\"\u003e\u003cspan class\u003d\"tex-text\" style\u003d\"display:none;\"\u003e~R~\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\ngeographically distinct regions of the world. The employees are numbered from \u003cspan class\u003d\"inline-math\"\u003e\u003cimg class\u003d\"tex-image\" src\u003d\"CDN_BASE_URL/dc15aebf4fa2f4039e7e91a157d4b279?v\u003d1715326543\" style\u003d\"vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.162ex; height:2.176ex;\" alt\u003d\"1\"\u003e\u003cspan class\u003d\"tex-text\" style\u003d\"display:none;\"\u003e~1~\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e to \u003cspan class\u003d\"inline-math\"\u003e\u003cimg class\u003d\"tex-image\" src\u003d\"CDN_BASE_URL/7b60d7c68d7ec066966b2e5a535229a8?v\u003d1715326543\" style\u003d\"vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:2.064ex; height:2.176ex;\" alt\u003d\"N\"\u003e\u003cspan class\u003d\"tex-text\" style\u003d\"display:none;\"\u003e~N~\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e inclusive\nin order of seniority, with employee number \u003cspan class\u003d\"inline-math\"\u003e\u003cimg class\u003d\"tex-image\" src\u003d\"CDN_BASE_URL/dc15aebf4fa2f4039e7e91a157d4b279?v\u003d1715326543\" style\u003d\"vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.162ex; height:2.176ex;\" alt\u003d\"1\"\u003e\u003cspan class\u003d\"tex-text\" style\u003d\"display:none;\"\u003e~1~\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e, the Chair, being the most senior. The regions are\nnumbered from \u003cspan class\u003d\"inline-math\"\u003e\u003cimg class\u003d\"tex-image\" src\u003d\"CDN_BASE_URL/dc15aebf4fa2f4039e7e91a157d4b279?v\u003d1715326543\" style\u003d\"vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.162ex; height:2.176ex;\" alt\u003d\"1\"\u003e\u003cspan class\u003d\"tex-text\" style\u003d\"display:none;\"\u003e~1~\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e to \u003cspan class\u003d\"inline-math\"\u003e\u003cimg class\u003d\"tex-image\" src\u003d\"CDN_BASE_URL/7a2816ca391bf315d425ff7375e03cb5?v\u003d1715326543\" style\u003d\"vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.764ex; height:2.176ex;\" alt\u003d\"R\"\u003e\u003cspan class\u003d\"tex-text\" style\u003d\"display:none;\"\u003e~R~\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e inclusive in no particular order. Every employee except for the Chair has a\nsingle supervisor. A supervisor is always more senior than the employees he or she supervises.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe say that an employee \u003cspan class\u003d\"inline-math\"\u003e\u003cimg class\u003d\"tex-image\" src\u003d\"CDN_BASE_URL/028749d5e836ddd64cf7b64cde5d5b01?v\u003d1715326543\" style\u003d\"vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.743ex; height:2.176ex;\" alt\u003d\"A\"\u003e\u003cspan class\u003d\"tex-text\" style\u003d\"display:none;\"\u003e~A~\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e is a manager of employee \u003cspan class\u003d\"inline-math\"\u003e\u003cimg class\u003d\"tex-image\" src\u003d\"CDN_BASE_URL/3dfcbca04b4565af0bc3043c18f7c3a7?v\u003d1715326543\" style\u003d\"vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.764ex; height:2.176ex;\" alt\u003d\"B\"\u003e\u003cspan class\u003d\"tex-text\" style\u003d\"display:none;\"\u003e~B~\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e if and only if \u003cspan class\u003d\"inline-math\"\u003e\u003cimg class\u003d\"tex-image\" src\u003d\"CDN_BASE_URL/028749d5e836ddd64cf7b64cde5d5b01?v\u003d1715326543\" style\u003d\"vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.743ex; height:2.176ex;\" alt\u003d\"A\"\u003e\u003cspan class\u003d\"tex-text\" style\u003d\"display:none;\"\u003e~A~\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e is \u003cspan class\u003d\"inline-math\"\u003e\u003cimg class\u003d\"tex-image\" src\u003d\"CDN_BASE_URL/3dfcbca04b4565af0bc3043c18f7c3a7?v\u003d1715326543\" style\u003d\"vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.764ex; height:2.176ex;\" alt\u003d\"B\"\u003e\u003cspan class\u003d\"tex-text\" style\u003d\"display:none;\"\u003e~B~\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u0027s supervisor or \u003cspan class\u003d\"inline-math\"\u003e\u003cimg class\u003d\"tex-image\" src\u003d\"CDN_BASE_URL/028749d5e836ddd64cf7b64cde5d5b01?v\u003d1715326543\" style\u003d\"vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.743ex; height:2.176ex;\" alt\u003d\"A\"\u003e\u003cspan class\u003d\"tex-text\" style\u003d\"display:none;\"\u003e~A~\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e is\na manager of \u003cspan class\u003d\"inline-math\"\u003e\u003cimg class\u003d\"tex-image\" src\u003d\"CDN_BASE_URL/3dfcbca04b4565af0bc3043c18f7c3a7?v\u003d1715326543\" style\u003d\"vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.764ex; height:2.176ex;\" alt\u003d\"B\"\u003e\u003cspan class\u003d\"tex-text\" style\u003d\"display:none;\"\u003e~B~\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u0027s supervisor. Thus, for example, the Chair is a manager of every other\nemployee. Also, clearly no two employees can be each other\u0027s managers.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUnfortunately, the United Nations Bureau of Investigations (UNBI) recently received a number of\ncomplaints that the UNRDA has an imbalanced organizational structure that favors some regions\nof the world more than others. In order to investigate the accusations, the UNBI would like to\nbuild a computer system that would be given the supervision structure of the UNRDA and would\nthen be able to answer queries of the form: given two different regions \u003cspan class\u003d\"inline-math\"\u003e\u003cimg class\u003d\"tex-image\" src\u003d\"CDN_BASE_URL/76371ac94829a50d54fa77d11dc484f1?v\u003d1715326543\" style\u003d\"vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.103ex; height:2.009ex;\" alt\u003d\"r_1\"\u003e\u003cspan class\u003d\"tex-text\" style\u003d\"display:none;\"\u003e~r_1~\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e and \u003cspan class\u003d\"inline-math\"\u003e\u003cimg class\u003d\"tex-image\" src\u003d\"CDN_BASE_URL/8e1f138b87a92897d44bd4d0eabe0749?v\u003d1715326543\" style\u003d\"vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.103ex; height:2.009ex;\" alt\u003d\"r_2\"\u003e\u003cspan class\u003d\"tex-text\" style\u003d\"display:none;\"\u003e~r_2~\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e, how many pairs\nof employees \u003cspan class\u003d\"inline-math\"\u003e\u003cimg class\u003d\"tex-image\" src\u003d\"CDN_BASE_URL/940409d9b36598351fa18cef0eaddad9?v\u003d1715326543\" style\u003d\"vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.138ex; height:2.009ex;\" alt\u003d\"e_1\"\u003e\u003cspan class\u003d\"tex-text\" style\u003d\"display:none;\"\u003e~e_1~\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e and \u003cspan class\u003d\"inline-math\"\u003e\u003cimg class\u003d\"tex-image\" src\u003d\"CDN_BASE_URL/2a3f9f9d2f75d9a4c262c8521f06de45?v\u003d1715326543\" style\u003d\"vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.138ex; height:2.009ex;\" alt\u003d\"e_2\"\u003e\u003cspan class\u003d\"tex-text\" style\u003d\"display:none;\"\u003e~e_2~\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e exist in the agency, such that employee \u003cspan class\u003d\"inline-math\"\u003e\u003cimg class\u003d\"tex-image\" src\u003d\"CDN_BASE_URL/940409d9b36598351fa18cef0eaddad9?v\u003d1715326543\" style\u003d\"vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.138ex; height:2.009ex;\" alt\u003d\"e_1\"\u003e\u003cspan class\u003d\"tex-text\" style\u003d\"display:none;\"\u003e~e_1~\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e comes from region \u003cspan class\u003d\"inline-math\"\u003e\u003cimg class\u003d\"tex-image\" src\u003d\"CDN_BASE_URL/76371ac94829a50d54fa77d11dc484f1?v\u003d1715326543\" style\u003d\"vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.103ex; height:2.009ex;\" alt\u003d\"r_1\"\u003e\u003cspan class\u003d\"tex-text\" style\u003d\"display:none;\"\u003e~r_1~\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e,\nemployee \u003cspan class\u003d\"inline-math\"\u003e\u003cimg class\u003d\"tex-image\" src\u003d\"CDN_BASE_URL/2a3f9f9d2f75d9a4c262c8521f06de45?v\u003d1715326543\" style\u003d\"vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.138ex; height:2.009ex;\" alt\u003d\"e_2\"\u003e\u003cspan class\u003d\"tex-text\" style\u003d\"display:none;\"\u003e~e_2~\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e comes from region \u003cspan class\u003d\"inline-math\"\u003e\u003cimg class\u003d\"tex-image\" src\u003d\"CDN_BASE_URL/8e1f138b87a92897d44bd4d0eabe0749?v\u003d1715326543\" style\u003d\"vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.103ex; height:2.009ex;\" alt\u003d\"r_2\"\u003e\u003cspan class\u003d\"tex-text\" style\u003d\"display:none;\"\u003e~r_2~\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e, and \u003cspan class\u003d\"inline-math\"\u003e\u003cimg class\u003d\"tex-image\" src\u003d\"CDN_BASE_URL/940409d9b36598351fa18cef0eaddad9?v\u003d1715326543\" style\u003d\"vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.138ex; height:2.009ex;\" alt\u003d\"e_1\"\u003e\u003cspan class\u003d\"tex-text\" style\u003d\"display:none;\"\u003e~e_1~\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e is a manager of \u003cspan class\u003d\"inline-math\"\u003e\u003cimg class\u003d\"tex-image\" src\u003d\"CDN_BASE_URL/2a3f9f9d2f75d9a4c262c8521f06de45?v\u003d1715326543\" style\u003d\"vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.138ex; height:2.009ex;\" alt\u003d\"e_2\"\u003e\u003cspan class\u003d\"tex-text\" style\u003d\"display:none;\"\u003e~e_2~\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e. Every query has two parameters:\nthe regions \u003cspan class\u003d\"inline-math\"\u003e\u003cimg class\u003d\"tex-image\" src\u003d\"CDN_BASE_URL/76371ac94829a50d54fa77d11dc484f1?v\u003d1715326543\" style\u003d\"vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.103ex; height:2.009ex;\" alt\u003d\"r_1\"\u003e\u003cspan class\u003d\"tex-text\" style\u003d\"display:none;\"\u003e~r_1~\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e and \u003cspan class\u003d\"inline-math\"\u003e\u003cimg class\u003d\"tex-image\" src\u003d\"CDN_BASE_URL/8e1f138b87a92897d44bd4d0eabe0749?v\u003d1715326543\" style\u003d\"vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.103ex; height:2.009ex;\" alt\u003d\"r_2\"\u003e\u003cspan class\u003d\"tex-text\" style\u003d\"display:none;\"\u003e~r_2~\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e; and its result is a single integer: the number of different pairs \u003cspan class\u003d\"inline-math\"\u003e\u003cimg class\u003d\"tex-image\" src\u003d\"CDN_BASE_URL/940409d9b36598351fa18cef0eaddad9?v\u003d1715326543\" style\u003d\"vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.138ex; height:2.009ex;\" alt\u003d\"e_1\"\u003e\u003cspan class\u003d\"tex-text\" style\u003d\"display:none;\"\u003e~e_1~\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e and \u003cspan class\u003d\"inline-math\"\u003e\u003cimg class\u003d\"tex-image\" src\u003d\"CDN_BASE_URL/2a3f9f9d2f75d9a4c262c8521f06de45?v\u003d1715326543\" style\u003d\"vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.138ex; height:2.009ex;\" alt\u003d\"e_2\"\u003e\u003cspan class\u003d\"tex-text\" style\u003d\"display:none;\"\u003e~e_2~\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e that\nsatisfy the above-mentioned conditions.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch4\u003eTask\u003c/h4\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWrite a program that, given the home regions of all of the agency\u0027s employees, as well as data\non who is supervised by whom, interactively answers queries as described above.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch4\u003eConstraints\u003c/h4\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class\u003d\"inline-math\"\u003e\u003cimg class\u003d\"tex-image\" src\u003d\"CDN_BASE_URL/9f01ac05de59161949419c4f6f0f1017?v\u003d1715326543\" style\u003d\"vertical-align: -0.505ex; width:16.785ex; height:2.343ex;\" alt\u003d\"1 \\le N \\le 200\\,000\"\u003e\u003cspan class\u003d\"tex-text\" style\u003d\"display:none;\"\u003e~1 \\le N \\le 200\\,000~\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e The number of employees\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cspan class\u003d\"inline-math\"\u003e\u003cimg class\u003d\"tex-image\" src\u003d\"CDN_BASE_URL/2c827ecd14e026e97f667de88f3762e4?v\u003d1715326543\" style\u003d\"vertical-align: -0.505ex; width:15.323ex; height:2.343ex;\" alt\u003d\"1 \\le R \\le 25\\,000\"\u003e\u003cspan class\u003d\"tex-text\" style\u003d\"display:none;\"\u003e~1 \\le R \\le 25\\,000~\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e The number of regions\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cspan class\u003d\"inline-math\"\u003e\u003cimg class\u003d\"tex-image\" src\u003d\"CDN_BASE_URL/973ba3942dcd40a5900ded93d80f952a?v\u003d1715326543\" style\u003d\"vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:16.56ex; height:2.509ex;\" alt\u003d\"1 \\le Q \\le 200\\,000\"\u003e\u003cspan class\u003d\"tex-text\" style\u003d\"display:none;\"\u003e~1 \\le Q \\le 200\\,000~\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e The number of queries your program will have to answer\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cspan class\u003d\"inline-math\"\u003e\u003cimg class\u003d\"tex-image\" src\u003d\"CDN_BASE_URL/46086a3c347cb578b8e70e40f22aa20c?v\u003d1715326543\" style\u003d\"vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:12.144ex; height:2.509ex;\" alt\u003d\"1 \\le H_k \\le R\"\u003e\u003cspan class\u003d\"tex-text\" style\u003d\"display:none;\"\u003e~1 \\le H_k \\le R~\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e The home region of employee \u003cspan class\u003d\"inline-math\"\u003e\u003cimg class\u003d\"tex-image\" src\u003d\"CDN_BASE_URL/58614bc17dddddc4e51be1b63b3ce5ef?v\u003d1715326543\" style\u003d\"vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.211ex; height:2.176ex;\" alt\u003d\"k\"\u003e\u003cspan class\u003d\"tex-text\" style\u003d\"display:none;\"\u003e~k~\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e (for \u003cspan class\u003d\"inline-math\"\u003e\u003cimg class\u003d\"tex-image\" src\u003d\"CDN_BASE_URL/dc9770676a31ba49352a648eddb04c11?v\u003d1715326543\" style\u003d\"vertical-align: -0.505ex; width:10.634ex; height:2.343ex;\" alt\u003d\"1 \\le k \\le N\"\u003e\u003cspan class\u003d\"tex-text\" style\u003d\"display:none;\"\u003e~1 \\le k \\le N~\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e)\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cspan class\u003d\"inline-math\"\u003e\u003cimg class\u003d\"tex-image\" src\u003d\"CDN_BASE_URL/4f1cf4f1bd8283c28c8501be9a301312?v\u003d1715326543\" style\u003d\"vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:11.084ex; height:2.509ex;\" alt\u003d\"1 \\le S_k \u003c k\"\u003e\u003cspan class\u003d\"tex-text\" style\u003d\"display:none;\"\u003e~1 \\le S_k \u0026lt; k~\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e The supervisor of employee \u003cspan class\u003d\"inline-math\"\u003e\u003cimg class\u003d\"tex-image\" src\u003d\"CDN_BASE_URL/58614bc17dddddc4e51be1b63b3ce5ef?v\u003d1715326543\" style\u003d\"vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.211ex; height:2.176ex;\" alt\u003d\"k\"\u003e\u003cspan class\u003d\"tex-text\" style\u003d\"display:none;\"\u003e~k~\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e (for \u003cspan class\u003d\"inline-math\"\u003e\u003cimg class\u003d\"tex-image\" src\u003d\"CDN_BASE_URL/b16f4cc96186436cdeba677b8c317752?v\u003d1715326543\" style\u003d\"vertical-align: -0.505ex; width:10.634ex; height:2.343ex;\" alt\u003d\"2 \\le k \\le N\"\u003e\u003cspan class\u003d\"tex-text\" style\u003d\"display:none;\"\u003e~2 \\le k \\le N~\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e)\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cspan class\u003d\"inline-math\"\u003e\u003cimg class\u003d\"tex-image\" src\u003d\"CDN_BASE_URL/0d0682f7188204d7550ffe3e122b5c9f?v\u003d1715326543\" style\u003d\"vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:14.363ex; height:2.509ex;\" alt\u003d\"1 \\le r_1, r_2 \\le R\"\u003e\u003cspan class\u003d\"tex-text\" style\u003d\"display:none;\"\u003e~1 \\le r_1, r_2 \\le R~\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e The regions inquired about in a given query\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch4\u003eInput Specification\u003c/h4\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYour program must read from standard input the following data:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe first line contains the integers \u003cspan class\u003d\"inline-math\"\u003e\u003cimg class\u003d\"tex-image\" src\u003d\"CDN_BASE_URL/7b60d7c68d7ec066966b2e5a535229a8?v\u003d1715326543\" style\u003d\"vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:2.064ex; height:2.176ex;\" alt\u003d\"N\"\u003e\u003cspan class\u003d\"tex-text\" style\u003d\"display:none;\"\u003e~N~\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan class\u003d\"inline-math\"\u003e\u003cimg class\u003d\"tex-image\" src\u003d\"CDN_BASE_URL/7a2816ca391bf315d425ff7375e03cb5?v\u003d1715326543\" style\u003d\"vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.764ex; height:2.176ex;\" alt\u003d\"R\"\u003e\u003cspan class\u003d\"tex-text\" style\u003d\"display:none;\"\u003e~R~\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e and \u003cspan class\u003d\"inline-math\"\u003e\u003cimg class\u003d\"tex-image\" src\u003d\"CDN_BASE_URL/d8d5cff7eb1238d9dec4f7a0a8e840be?v\u003d1715326543\" style\u003d\"vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:1.838ex; height:2.509ex;\" alt\u003d\"Q\"\u003e\u003cspan class\u003d\"tex-text\" style\u003d\"display:none;\"\u003e~Q~\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e, in order, separated by single spaces.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe next \u003cspan class\u003d\"inline-math\"\u003e\u003cimg class\u003d\"tex-image\" src\u003d\"CDN_BASE_URL/7b60d7c68d7ec066966b2e5a535229a8?v\u003d1715326543\" style\u003d\"vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:2.064ex; height:2.176ex;\" alt\u003d\"N\"\u003e\u003cspan class\u003d\"tex-text\" style\u003d\"display:none;\"\u003e~N~\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e lines describe the \u003cspan class\u003d\"inline-math\"\u003e\u003cimg class\u003d\"tex-image\" src\u003d\"CDN_BASE_URL/7b60d7c68d7ec066966b2e5a535229a8?v\u003d1715326543\" style\u003d\"vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:2.064ex; height:2.176ex;\" alt\u003d\"N\"\u003e\u003cspan class\u003d\"tex-text\" style\u003d\"display:none;\"\u003e~N~\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e employees of the agency in order of seniority. The \u003cspan class\u003d\"inline-math\"\u003e\u003cimg class\u003d\"tex-image\" src\u003d\"CDN_BASE_URL/58614bc17dddddc4e51be1b63b3ce5ef?v\u003d1715326543\" style\u003d\"vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.211ex; height:2.176ex;\" alt\u003d\"k\"\u003e\u003cspan class\u003d\"tex-text\" style\u003d\"display:none;\"\u003e~k~\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003eth of\nthese \u003cspan class\u003d\"inline-math\"\u003e\u003cimg class\u003d\"tex-image\" src\u003d\"CDN_BASE_URL/7b60d7c68d7ec066966b2e5a535229a8?v\u003d1715326543\" style\u003d\"vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:2.064ex; height:2.176ex;\" alt\u003d\"N\"\u003e\u003cspan class\u003d\"tex-text\" style\u003d\"display:none;\"\u003e~N~\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e lines describes employee number \u003cspan class\u003d\"inline-math\"\u003e\u003cimg class\u003d\"tex-image\" src\u003d\"CDN_BASE_URL/58614bc17dddddc4e51be1b63b3ce5ef?v\u003d1715326543\" style\u003d\"vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.211ex; height:2.176ex;\" alt\u003d\"k\"\u003e\u003cspan class\u003d\"tex-text\" style\u003d\"display:none;\"\u003e~k~\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e. The first of these lines (i.e., the one describing the Chair) contains a single integer: the home region \u003cspan class\u003d\"inline-math\"\u003e\u003cimg class\u003d\"tex-image\" src\u003d\"CDN_BASE_URL/d607a2aa2736feffb5e0d44cc26a07e8?v\u003d1715326543\" style\u003d\"vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.985ex; height:2.509ex;\" alt\u003d\"H_1\"\u003e\u003cspan class\u003d\"tex-text\" style\u003d\"display:none;\"\u003e~H_1~\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e of the Chair. Each of the other \u003cspan class\u003d\"inline-math\"\u003e\u003cimg class\u003d\"tex-image\" src\u003d\"CDN_BASE_URL/fd8b3536ed085708a0178c8e31f8cf22?v\u003d1715326543\" style\u003d\"vertical-align: -0.505ex; width:6.066ex; height:2.343ex;\" alt\u003d\"N-1\"\u003e\u003cspan class\u003d\"tex-text\" style\u003d\"display:none;\"\u003e~N-1~\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\nlines contains two integers separated by a single space: employee \u003cspan class\u003d\"inline-math\"\u003e\u003cimg class\u003d\"tex-image\" src\u003d\"CDN_BASE_URL/58614bc17dddddc4e51be1b63b3ce5ef?v\u003d1715326543\" style\u003d\"vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.211ex; height:2.176ex;\" alt\u003d\"k\"\u003e\u003cspan class\u003d\"tex-text\" style\u003d\"display:none;\"\u003e~k~\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u0027s supervisor \u003cspan class\u003d\"inline-math\"\u003e\u003cimg class\u003d\"tex-image\" src\u003d\"CDN_BASE_URL/267a8161bcd078704cccf89a831c82fe?v\u003d1715326543\" style\u003d\"vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.514ex; height:2.509ex;\" alt\u003d\"S_k\"\u003e\u003cspan class\u003d\"tex-text\" style\u003d\"display:none;\"\u003e~S_k~\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e, and employee \u003cspan class\u003d\"inline-math\"\u003e\u003cimg class\u003d\"tex-image\" src\u003d\"CDN_BASE_URL/58614bc17dddddc4e51be1b63b3ce5ef?v\u003d1715326543\" style\u003d\"vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.211ex; height:2.176ex;\" alt\u003d\"k\"\u003e\u003cspan class\u003d\"tex-text\" style\u003d\"display:none;\"\u003e~k~\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u0027s home region \u003cspan class\u003d\"inline-math\"\u003e\u003cimg class\u003d\"tex-image\" src\u003d\"CDN_BASE_URL/36e8eb6567142db00fe4a8718741a840?v\u003d1715326543\" style\u003d\"vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:3.02ex; height:2.509ex;\" alt\u003d\"H_k\"\u003e\u003cspan class\u003d\"tex-text\" style\u003d\"display:none;\"\u003e~H_k~\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003ch4\u003eInteraction\u003c/h4\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAfter reading the input data, your program must start alternately reading queries from standard\ninput and writing query results to standard output. The \u003cspan class\u003d\"inline-math\"\u003e\u003cimg class\u003d\"tex-image\" src\u003d\"CDN_BASE_URL/d8d5cff7eb1238d9dec4f7a0a8e840be?v\u003d1715326543\" style\u003d\"vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:1.838ex; height:2.509ex;\" alt\u003d\"Q\"\u003e\u003cspan class\u003d\"tex-text\" style\u003d\"display:none;\"\u003e~Q~\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e queries must be answered one at a\ntime; your program must send the response to the query it has already received before it can\nreceive the next query.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEach query is presented on a single line of standard input and consists of two different integers\nseparated by a single space: the two regions \u003cspan class\u003d\"inline-math\"\u003e\u003cimg class\u003d\"tex-image\" src\u003d\"CDN_BASE_URL/76371ac94829a50d54fa77d11dc484f1?v\u003d1715326543\" style\u003d\"vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.103ex; height:2.009ex;\" alt\u003d\"r_1\"\u003e\u003cspan class\u003d\"tex-text\" style\u003d\"display:none;\"\u003e~r_1~\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e and \u003cspan class\u003d\"inline-math\"\u003e\u003cimg class\u003d\"tex-image\" src\u003d\"CDN_BASE_URL/8e1f138b87a92897d44bd4d0eabe0749?v\u003d1715326543\" style\u003d\"vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.103ex; height:2.009ex;\" alt\u003d\"r_2\"\u003e\u003cspan class\u003d\"tex-text\" style\u003d\"display:none;\"\u003e~r_2~\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e.\nThe response to each query must be a single line on standard output containing a single integer:\nthe number of pairs of UNRDA employees \u003cspan class\u003d\"inline-math\"\u003e\u003cimg class\u003d\"tex-image\" src\u003d\"CDN_BASE_URL/940409d9b36598351fa18cef0eaddad9?v\u003d1715326543\" style\u003d\"vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.138ex; height:2.009ex;\" alt\u003d\"e_1\"\u003e\u003cspan class\u003d\"tex-text\" style\u003d\"display:none;\"\u003e~e_1~\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e and \u003cspan class\u003d\"inline-math\"\u003e\u003cimg class\u003d\"tex-image\" src\u003d\"CDN_BASE_URL/2a3f9f9d2f75d9a4c262c8521f06de45?v\u003d1715326543\" style\u003d\"vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.138ex; height:2.009ex;\" alt\u003d\"e_2\"\u003e\u003cspan class\u003d\"tex-text\" style\u003d\"display:none;\"\u003e~e_2~\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e, such that \u003cspan class\u003d\"inline-math\"\u003e\u003cimg class\u003d\"tex-image\" src\u003d\"CDN_BASE_URL/940409d9b36598351fa18cef0eaddad9?v\u003d1715326543\" style\u003d\"vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.138ex; height:2.009ex;\" alt\u003d\"e_1\"\u003e\u003cspan class\u003d\"tex-text\" style\u003d\"display:none;\"\u003e~e_1~\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u0027s home region is \u003cspan class\u003d\"inline-math\"\u003e\u003cimg class\u003d\"tex-image\" src\u003d\"CDN_BASE_URL/76371ac94829a50d54fa77d11dc484f1?v\u003d1715326543\" style\u003d\"vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.103ex; height:2.009ex;\" alt\u003d\"r_1\"\u003e\u003cspan class\u003d\"tex-text\" style\u003d\"display:none;\"\u003e~r_1~\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan class\u003d\"inline-math\"\u003e\u003cimg class\u003d\"tex-image\" src\u003d\"CDN_BASE_URL/2a3f9f9d2f75d9a4c262c8521f06de45?v\u003d1715326543\" style\u003d\"vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.138ex; height:2.009ex;\" alt\u003d\"e_2\"\u003e\u003cspan class\u003d\"tex-text\" style\u003d\"display:none;\"\u003e~e_2~\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u0027s home\nregion is \u003cspan class\u003d\"inline-math\"\u003e\u003cimg class\u003d\"tex-image\" src\u003d\"CDN_BASE_URL/8e1f138b87a92897d44bd4d0eabe0749?v\u003d1715326543\" style\u003d\"vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.103ex; height:2.009ex;\" alt\u003d\"r_2\"\u003e\u003cspan class\u003d\"tex-text\" style\u003d\"display:none;\"\u003e~r_2~\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e and \u003cspan class\u003d\"inline-math\"\u003e\u003cimg class\u003d\"tex-image\" src\u003d\"CDN_BASE_URL/940409d9b36598351fa18cef0eaddad9?v\u003d1715326543\" style\u003d\"vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.138ex; height:2.009ex;\" alt\u003d\"e_1\"\u003e\u003cspan class\u003d\"tex-text\" style\u003d\"display:none;\"\u003e~e_1~\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e is a manager of \u003cspan class\u003d\"inline-math\"\u003e\u003cimg class\u003d\"tex-image\" src\u003d\"CDN_BASE_URL/2a3f9f9d2f75d9a4c262c8521f06de45?v\u003d1715326543\" style\u003d\"vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.138ex; height:2.009ex;\" alt\u003d\"e_2\"\u003e\u003cspan class\u003d\"tex-text\" style\u003d\"display:none;\"\u003e~e_2~\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNOTE:\u003c/strong\u003e The test data will be such that the correct answer to any query given on standard input\nwill always be less than \u003cspan class\u003d\"inline-math\"\u003e\u003cimg class\u003d\"tex-image\" src\u003d\"CDN_BASE_URL/98f09d5d02dad6def63669d08840bd5a?v\u003d1715326543\" style\u003d\"vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:12.786ex; height:2.176ex;\" alt\u003d\"1\\,000\\,000\\,000\"\u003e\u003cspan class\u003d\"tex-text\" style\u003d\"display:none;\"\u003e~1\\,000\\,000\\,000~\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIMPORTANT NOTE:\u003c/strong\u003e In order to interact properly with the grader, your program needs to flush\nstandard output after every query response.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch4\u003eGrading\u003c/h4\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor a number of tests, worth a total of 30 points, \u003cspan class\u003d\"inline-math\"\u003e\u003cimg class\u003d\"tex-image\" src\u003d\"CDN_BASE_URL/7a2816ca391bf315d425ff7375e03cb5?v\u003d1715326543\" style\u003d\"vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.764ex; height:2.176ex;\" alt\u003d\"R\"\u003e\u003cspan class\u003d\"tex-text\" style\u003d\"display:none;\"\u003e~R~\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e will not exceed \u003cspan class\u003d\"inline-math\"\u003e\u003cimg class\u003d\"tex-image\" src\u003d\"CDN_BASE_URL/48655378469c43414242bc5f9ea485be?v\u003d1715326543\" style\u003d\"vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:3.487ex; height:2.176ex;\" alt\u003d\"500\"\u003e\u003cspan class\u003d\"tex-text\" style\u003d\"display:none;\"\u003e~500~\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e.\u003cbr\u003e\nFor a number of tests, worth a total of 55 points, no region will have more than \u003cspan class\u003d\"inline-math\"\u003e\u003cimg class\u003d\"tex-image\" src\u003d\"CDN_BASE_URL/48655378469c43414242bc5f9ea485be?v\u003d1715326543\" style\u003d\"vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:3.487ex; height:2.176ex;\" alt\u003d\"500\"\u003e\u003cspan class\u003d\"tex-text\" style\u003d\"display:none;\"\u003e~500~\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e employees.\u003cbr\u003e\nThe tests where both of the above conditions hold are worth 15 points.\nThe tests where at least one of the two conditions holds are worth 70 points.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable class\u003d\u0027vjudge_sample\u0027\u003e\n\u003cthead\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003cth\u003eInput\u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth\u003eOutput\u003c/th\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003c/thead\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003cpre\u003e6 3 4\n1\n1 2\n1 3\n2 3\n2 3\n5 1\n1 2\n1 3\n2 3\n3 1\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\u003cpre\u003e1\n3\n2\n1\u003c/pre\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003chr\u003e\n\n\u003c/div\u003e"}}]}